Nature, 2025, ¡°External Li supply reshapes Li-deficiency and lifetime limit of batteries, Gao Yue et al.¡±
Precision Lithium Therapy: The Breakthrough Technology That Rejuvenates Batteries
Lithium-Ion Batteries, the Heart of Modern Technology
Lithium-ion batteries are the key energy devices that sustain modern civilization. From smartphones and electric vehicles to renewable energy storage systems, they power nearly all portable electronics, yet their lifespan has clear limits. Typically, after 1,000 to 2,000 charge-discharge cycles, battery performance drops sharply and they are eventually discarded. This leads to massive resource waste and environmental pollution. However, a new technology announced by a research team at Fudan University has disrupted this chronic limitation. The study challenges the conventional belief that lithium-ion batteries inevitably 'age' and deteriorate once produced.
Unlike traditional reuse technologies that involve complex disassembly, separation, and reassembly, this method is simple, economical, and closely resembles regular maintenance. This fresh perspective of viewing the battery as a kind of "lithium fuel tank" represents a philosophical shift in battery science. Moreover, this injection technique holds potential for mass production through automated lithium-supplying devices. One can even imagine a future where EVs regularly visit ¡°lithium refueling stations¡± to recharge and rejuvenate their batteries simultaneously.
AI played more than just a computational support role; it predicted material interactions and significantly reduced trial-and-error during experimentation. This marked a shift in materials science from an experiment-centered to a prediction-centered paradigm. It also drastically accelerated R&D processes, showcasing the practical power of data-driven design in materials discovery. This approach has implications not only for batteries, but also in semiconductors, catalysts, and drug development.
Meeting the Triple Goals: Lifespan, Efficiency, and Sustainability
The experimental results were overwhelming. In commercially available LFP (Lithium Iron Phosphate) battery cells, the technology maintained 96% of the original capacity even after 11,818 charge-discharge cycles. This translates to five to ten times the standard battery lifespan and suggests the potential to drastically improve the economic and environmental viability of electric vehicle batteries. Some cells are projected to retain functionality for up to 60,000 cycles.
Conventional batteries undergo irreversible degradation over time, but external lithium injection introduces a new concept: "reverse lifespan control." Technically and economically, this model maximizes efficiency. Moreover, it holds great promise for a wide range of applications—from electric vehicles to solar energy storage systems, large-scale ESS (Energy Storage Systems), and drones.
Transforming Battery Lifecycle and Industry Structure
The significance of this technology goes far beyond extending battery life. First, it marks a breakthrough in resource circulation. Whereas batteries were once discarded after their lifespan ended, they can now be reused through periodic lithium replenishment. Second, from an environmental perspective, this offers the dual benefits of reducing electronic waste and decreasing lithium mining. Finally, it carries strategic implications by shifting the battery industry from a "consumables-based" to a "sustainability-based" model.
For instance, EV manufacturers could evolve into service providers that not only supply batteries but also offer battery rejuvenation solutions. This would directly influence the revenue structure of the automotive industry. A new maintenance ecosystem may emerge, requiring certified technicians and service centers, thereby contributing to job creation and industrial innovation.
Challenges on the Path to Commercialization
Still, several hurdles remain. The current technology has only been tested at the cell level; it is not yet verified for modules or packs, especially those used in high-capacity EV batteries. Further research is needed to determine whether similar effects can be achieved with other chemistries, such as nickel- or cobalt-based batteries. Regulatory approval, safety verification, cost structures, and redesigning production processes are also essential prerequisites for commercialization.
The critical question is how to translate laboratory success into real-world industrial viability. Innovation is only meaningful if it can be replicated at scale. Cooperation from existing battery manufacturers is crucial, along with parallel efforts to establish licensing frameworks, certification systems, and lifecycle monitoring protocols.
Batteries and the Human Analogy
Nonetheless, this research clearly represents a turning point. Much like restoring human health, the idea of "treating" batteries redefines them not as disposable items but as energy devices that can be maintained and managed. As EV adoption accelerates globally, this technology is being recognized not just for its efficiency but as a viable path toward a sustainable future.
Battery rejuvenation is more than a technological leap—it¡¯s a strategic innovation that spans resources, the environment, and industry. We are now entering an era where batteries are no longer discarded but restored and reused. This is how technology can truly return value to both life and the planet.
* Reference
Nature, 2025, ¡°External Li supply reshapes Li-deficiency and lifetime limit of batteries, Gao Yue et al.¡±