High-accuracy long-read amplicon sequences using unique molecular identifiers with Nanopore or PacBio sequencing chr(124)_pipe Nature Methods
[Original Text]
Genome sequences can reveal a great deal about an organism, including its identity, its ancestry, its strengths and its vulnerabilities. Scientists use this information to better understand the microbes living in a particular environment, as well as to develop diagnostic tools and treatments. But without accurate portable DNA sequencers, crucial genetic details could be missed when research is conducted out in the field or in smaller laboratories.
Researchers at Aalborg University recently demonstrated a simple way to eliminate almost all sequencing errors produced by a widely used portable DNA sequencer, potentially enabling scientists working outside the lab to study and track microorganisms more efficiently.
Using special molecular tags, the team was able to reduce the normal five-to-15 percent error rate of the MinION device made by Oxford Nanopore Technologies to less than 0.005 percent, even when sequencing many long stretches of DNA at a time.
The MinION has already revolutionized the field of genomics by freeing DNA sequencing from the confines of large laboratories. But until now, researchers haven¡¯t been able to rely on the device in many situations because of its fairly high out-of-the-box error rate.
So the Aalborg University team created a unique barcoding system that can make long-read DNA sequencing platforms like the MinION over 1000 times more accurate. After tagging the target molecules with these barcodes, researchers proceed as they usually would - amplifying, or making multiple copies of, the tagged molecules using the standard PCR technique and sequencing the resulting DNA.
The researchers can then use the barcodes to easily identify and group relevant DNA fragments in the sequencing data, ultimately producing near-perfect sequences from fragments that are up to 10 times longer than conventional technologies can process. Longer stretches of DNA allow the detection of even slight genetic variations and the assembly of genomes in high resolution.
A beautiful thing about this method is that it is applicable to any gene of interest that can be amplified. This means that it can be very useful in fields such as cancer research, plant research, human genetics, and microbiome science where the combination of high-accuracy and long- range genomic information is valuable.
The researchers are currently collaborating with Metro Vancouver to develop an expanded version of the method that permits the near-real-time detection of microorganisms in water and wastewater.